The body' s heat-regulating devices are efficient, but there is a limit to what they can accomplish

If the outside temperature is too high, one may perspire so much that dehydration and heat exhaustion can result. Heat exhaustion is a condition caused by excessive salt loss, and its symptoms include muscle cramps, dizziness, vomiting and fainting. This condition usually can be prevented by taking salt tablets in hot weather.

Sunstroke (sometimes called heat stroke) is also caused by high outside temperature. It differs from heat exhaustion in that one of the heat regulators is affected; namely, the sweat glands. Dehydration starts a chain of events which terminates in decreased blood supply to the skin and diminished secretion of perspiration. As a consequence, the body temperature rockets up to a level that can be fatal. The victim of sunstroke exhibits many of the symptoms of heart exhaustion (i. e. , dizziness, fainting) but with this significant difference; there is an absence of perspiration; the skin is dry and flushed. Sunstroke is an extremely serious emerency. The most important first aid measure is to lower the temperature; otherwise permanent jrain damage can result. Cooling of the body is accomplished by immersing the victim in cool vater or else by spraying him with it. Ice should be applied to the head, and cold drinks offered if the patient is conscious.

The body is no more capable of coping with prolonged exposure to cold than to heat. If, or example, the body is immersed in cold water for a time, the water ( a better heat conductor lian air) removes more heat from the body than can be replaced, and the body temperature ills. This can happen too, of course, in cold air particularly when clothing is inadequate, .nd excessively low body temperature is termed hypothermia, and its main effects are lowered spiratory rate and blood pressure and a feeling of drowsiness finally ending coma and perips dead. Hypothermia, the opposite of fever, is caused mainly by prolonged exposure told, rarely by abnormal conditions within the body.

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